Stoneware or Vitrified Clay Sewers

The Stoneware or Vitrified Clay Sewers contain the Stoneware or Vitrified Clay pipes. Sewage cleaning denver and sewer camera inspection denver are the two methods that could be used for treatment. Before treatment, one should know about the sewer line repair companies in denver.

These pipes are manufactured from clays and shales which have special qualities

Manufacturing procedure:

1. The required portion of the ingredients is taken, pulverized, and then mixed together with water.
2. Then the prepared mixture is used to manufacture pipes of standard diameter and length in a pipe press under an external pressure of 0.85 N/mm2 (or 8.5kg(f)/cm2).
3. The manufactured pipes are then allowed to dry in warm air.
4. The dried pipes are then burnt in a kiln under high temperature. At an initial level, the temperature inside the kiln is maintained at 150° celsius for the first few hours, and then the temperature is increased gradually from 650° to 750°. And at the end, the temperature is increased to about 1200° at which the process of vitrification takes place.
5. A small amount of salt is added when the temperature inside the kiln is very high. Due to the high temperature, the salt gets vapourised and glass-like glaze gets formed on the surface of pipes and because of this salt glaze formation, these pipes are also known as salt-glazed stoneware pipes.
6. The interior surface of the socket end and the outer surface of the spigot end are not glazed to make the joint watertight.

It’s advantages:

• These types of sewers are capable enough to resist corrosion from most of the acids. These sewers are also resistant to erosion due to high velocities of flow and grit.
• The inner surface of these sewers is extremely smooth which results in high hydraulic efficiency of these sewers.
• These sewers are highly impervious.
• These sewers have enough strength to bear the load of soil about 4.5m in depth. These sewers can also withstand the high hydraulic pressure of up to 0.15 N/mm2 (or 1.5kg(f)/cm2).
• These sewers are pocket-friendly and cost less. Also, these sewers are available easily.

It’s disadvantages:

• These sewers are naturally brittle in nature and therefore these sewers have a high chance of getting damaged or destroyed during handling operations or transportation of it.
• These sewers are weak in tension and cannot bear high pressure. Therefore, these sewers are not used where the sewage is carried under high pressure.
• The material from which h these sewers are made is heavy in weight and therefore it becomes difficult to handle, lay and transport these sewers.